WebSample of basalt (an extrusive igneous rock), found in Massachusetts. Extrusive igneous rock, also known as volcanic rock, is formed by the cooling of molten magma on the earth's surface. The magma, which is brought to the surface through fissures or volcanic eruptions, rapidly solidifies.
WebJan 31, 2024 · The main classification of igneous rocks is by their formation: Volcanic or Extrusive Igneous Rocks. These rocks form when magma erupts onto the Earth’s surface, where it is called lava, and cools rapidly. This rapid cooling often results in fine-grained textures. Examples of extrusive igneous rocks include:
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Igneous Examples: 10 Rock Types Explained | YourDictionary
WebFeb 19, 2021 · Igneous rocks are produced from the molten products below the Earth’s crust. They are formed when hot magma or lava cools. Keep reading to find 10 examples of igneous rocks and to learn more about the different characteristics of igneous rock types.
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Igneous Rocks | Pictures of Intrusive and Extrusive Rock Types
WebExamples of intrusive igneous rocks are: diabase, diorite, gabbro, granite, pegmatite, and peridotite. Extrusive igneous rocks erupt onto the surface, where they cool quickly to form small crystals. Some cool so quickly that they form an amorphous glass. These rocks include: andesite, basalt, dacite, obsidian, pumice, rhyolite, scoria, and tuff.
WebOct 19, 2023 · For example, two rocks from identical magma can become either rhyolite or granite, depending on whether they cool quickly or slowly. The two main categories of igneous rocks are extrusive and intrusive. Extrusive rocks are formed on the surface of the Earth from lava, which is magma that has emerged from underground.
WebIgneous rock is defined as a type of rock that is formed through the cooling & solidification of lava or magma. Intrusive & extrusive are the two types of igneous rock. Basalt & granite are examples of igneous rock.
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Igneous rock | Characteristics, Examples, Formation, & Types
WebMar 7, 2024 · Igneous rock, any of various crystalline or glassy rocks formed by the cooling and solidification of magma, which is a hot (600 to 1,300 °C, or 1,100 to 2,400 °F) molten or partially molten rock. Igneous rocks constitute one of the three principal classes of rocks, the others being metamorphic and sedimentary.
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Pictures and Descriptions of Igneous Rock Types - ThoughtCo
WebJun 2, 2019 · Types of Igneous Rocks. Igneous rocks are those that form via the process of melting and cooling. If they erupt from volcanoes onto the surface as lava, they are called extrusive rocks. By contrast, Intrusive rocks are formed from …
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What are igneous rocks? | U.S. Geological Survey - USGS.gov
WebGeology. What are igneous rocks? Igneous rocks (from the Latin word for fire) form when hot, molten rock crystallizes and solidifies. The melt originates deep within the Earth near active plate boundaries or hot spots, then rises toward the surface.
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Formation, composition, and classification of igneous rock
WebThough they vary widely in composition, most igneous rocks consist of quartz, feldspars, pyroxenes, amphiboles, micas, olivines, nepheline, leucite, and apatite. They may be classified as intrusive or extrusive rocks. examples